AWT- Document tree implications

What are the implications of the concept of the document tree?

# Initially, the Document tree is the tree of elements encoded in the source document. Each element in this tree has exactly one parent, with the exception of the root element, which has none. http://www.d.umn.edu/itss/support/Training/Online/webdesign/glossary/d.html

The terminology that XML apply to explain the various relationships with in a document can be confusing at first, co-relation among the children element of same level but from different parent can be missed, difficult to find a particular element due to many child elements. As the branch of the tree is connected to each other so if at some point, something goes wrong or developer like to modify a particular tag for the parents, than they have to modify for all of this Children which is hassle and time consuming.

AWT- Merits of CSS & XSL

What are the relative merits of CSS and XSL?

 # There had been a new possibilities and opportunities in use of style sheet language for web developers, where they can design and maintain a website with a small effort. At present, there are two kinds of style sheet languages followed by web developers. These are extensible stylesheet language (XSL) and cascading style sheet (CSS). Though both of them are stylesheet language but the way they process the task is quite different from each other. CSS was designed for the principle of formatting or styling HTML and XML including XHTML. However XSL was evolved drastically from its previous design to style XML. Due to certain circumstances, later XML was spited into XSLT (Transformation Language) and XSL-FO (Styling Language)

Some of the advantages of CSS are as follows:        

·           CSS saves time

·           Pages load faster

·           Easy maintenance

·           Superior style for HTML

·           Easy to Use

Some of the advantaged of XSL over CSS are:

·           XSL is more powerful than CSS though it is more complex 

·           XSLT is proficient of creating content, such as automatically creating a table of contents just from chapters in a book, or removing/selecting content.

·           XSLT version 1.0 with the EXSLT extensions or XSLT version 2.0 is competent of generating multiple documents as well, whereby a CSS can only selectively remove content by not displaying it.

·           XSL-FO is unlike CSS in that the XSL-FO document stands alone. CSS modifies a document that attached to it, while the XSL-FO document contains all of the content to be presented in a purely presentational format. http://www.articlesbase.com/web-design-articles/difference-of-css-and-xsl-876646.html

AWT- Current status of CSS & XSL

What is the current status of CSS and XSL?


# CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheet. It is a style sheet language that makes the developer life easier by describing the look and formatting of a document written in a markup language.
The W3C (Cascading Style Sheet) working group has just released the newest version CSS 2.1, correcting the errors that pervious version holds and also adding some highly requested features from the users and from candidate recommendation on CSS. This version was holds the ability to create media specific stylesheets for various devices such as browsers, aural devices, printers, braille devices and handheld devices.
Though in present they have just released CSS 2.1 but there is already a working group developing a CSS 3.0 which essentially builds focusing the tough topic of Web Topography.
XSL stands for Extensible Stylesheet Language Family. It defines the XML document transformation and presentation. The latest version of XSL is version1.1. It is developed by updating all the W3C XSL Version 1.0. In this recent version of XSL, there are new functionality added to support change marks, indexes, multiple flows, and bookmarks. The existing functionality on the previous version has been extended in the areas of graphics scaling, 'markers' and their retrieval in tables. This latest version 1.1 has been developed that includes a subset of quite simple and friendly additions to XSL. http://xml.coverpages.org/ni2003-12-17-a.html

AWT- Presenting XML

How XML can be presented?

# XML, illustrate how the data should be prepared. XML uses tags and attributes like a HTML does. However, XML uses these tags only to delimit pieces of data, leaving the interpretation of the data up to the application that receives and reads it. So in order to present it, CSS is a one of an appropriate way of laying out pages in a organized manner directly from the XML document. And it also gives a way to allow most browsers to view XML without falling over. But, as CSS is very limited in what it can do to the data before it is shown on screen. And it certainly can't operate the data in any real way. The XSL was introduced. Its standard includes two basic parts:

XSL Transformations (XSLT): These are mostly used mostly to rewrite XML into other XML applications. These are well used and know to be as a standard process.

 XSL Formatting Objects (XSL-FO): This standard is exercised to create a formatted output such as PDF files; which provide demand control of layout and presentation that isn't possible with either XSLT or CSS.

These two languages are designed to achieve different tasks as it shares many features. XSLT transforms one XML-based markup language into another, whereas XSL-FO is designed specially for creating a display or view of XML data in paged-media formats.

By making use of this process, we can display the XML document.